Surface Temperature Response to Solar EMR at Top of the Atmosphere

Richard Willoughby | October 4, 2022 This technical note examines the linkage between measured surface temperature and calculated solar electromagnetic radiation (EMR) available to the top of the atmosphere (ToA) that changes due to variation in Earth’s orbit. Four regions are examined and analyzed using monthly averages for temperature and solar EMR available at ToA. Figure 1 shows the regions examined. The regions are: Central USA using GHCN temperature measurements Mediterranean Sea using NCEP/Reynolds Sea Surface (excludes land in the region) Nino34 region of the Equatorial Pacific using NCEP/Reynolds Southern Ocean 55S to 65S using NCEP/Reynolds (NCEP assumes water below …